Genes - the type of DNA
Cells can experience uncontrolled growth if there is damage or mutations in DNA, and therefore, damage to genes involved in cell division. Four main types of genes responsible for cell division process: oncogenes orders the cells when to divide, tumor suppressor genes instruct the cells when not to divide, suicide genes control apoptosis and tells cells to kill themselves if something goes wrong, and DNA -repair genes instruct the cells to repair damaged DNA.
Cancer occurs when cell gene mutation makes cells unable to repair DNA damage and unable to commit suicide. Similarly, cancer was the result of a mutation that inhibits the function of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, causing uncontrolled cell growth.
Carcinogen
Carcinogens is the class of substances that are directly responsible for DNA damage, promote or assist cancer. Tobacco, asbestos, arsenic, such as gamma radiation and x-rays, the sun, and compounds in car exhaust fumes all examples of carcinogens. When our bodies are exposed to carcinogens, free radicals formed that tries to steal electrons from other molecules in the body. Technique of free radical damage to cells and affect their ability to function normally.
Gene - family type
Cancer could be the result of a genetic predisposition inherited from family members.It is possible to be born with certain genetic mutations or errors in the gene that makes one statistically more likely to develop cancer later in life.
Other medical factors
Holding hands
As we age, there is increase in the number of possible cancer-causing mutations in our DNA. This makes the age is an important risk factor for cancer. Some viruses are also associated with cancers such as human papillomavirus (the cause of cervical cancer), hepatitis B and C (liver cancer), and Epstein-Barr virus (the cause of some cancers in children). Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - and other things that suppress or weaken the immune system - inhibit the body's ability to fight infection and increase the likelihood of getting cancer.
What are the symptoms of cancer?
Cancer Symptom quite varied, depending on where the cancer is, where it has spread, and how big the tumor. Some cancers can be felt or seen through the skin - a lump in the breast or testicular cancer may be an indicator of the location. Skin cancer (melanoma) is often noted by a change in wart or mole on the skin. Some oral cancers are white patches in the mouth or white spots on the tongue.
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